Características clínicas y microbiológicas de infecciones de piel y partes blandas en pacientes pediátricos de dos hospitales de Buenos Aires / Skin and soft tissue infections in pediatrics

Las infecciones de piel y partes blandas (IPPB) en niños son una de las principales causas de prescripción de antimicrobianos. El objetivo del estudio fue describir las características clínicas y microbiológicas de las IPPB ambulatorias de niños asistidos en dos hospitales zonales. Se realizó un estudio prospectivo entre el 1/11/2017 y el 1/11/2018. Se incluyeron pacientes entre 1 mes y 15 años internados en dos hospitales. Se evaluó: edad, sexo, localidad, factores predisponentes, tipo de IPPB, muestras biológicas realizadas, aislamiento microbiológico, tratamiento empírico indicado y evolución del cuadro. Se realizó antibiograma y determinación genética. Se calculó chi2, IC95, OR; α=5%. N= 94. 58,7% masculinos. 12 pacientes <1 año, 85 >1 año (promedio de edad 4 años, 1-15). El 36% de Tandil y 63,8% de Florencio Varela. El 59,6% corresponden a IPPB purulentas. Se aislaron microorganismos en un 59,6%. Los aislamientos principales: SAMR (40,4%), SAMS (7,4%), S. agalactiae (2,1%) y S. pyogenes (2,1%). El 100% de SAMR son portadores de gen mecA y SCCmec tipo IV, sin multirresistencia. No hubo diferencia estadística entre los factores de riesgo evaluados para el desarrollo de IPPB por SAMR. El 52,1% de los niños recibió tratamiento antibiótico combinado, siendo la más indicada TMS-SMX + CLI en 36 eventos. (38,3%). La evolución fue favorable: no hubo diferencia significativa entre el subgrupo que se aisló SAMR y el que no se aisló SAMR; 91,9% (34/37) y 92,6% (50/54) correspondientemente (chi2: 0,01; p= 0,97 IC95: 0,26-3,88). El principal agente etiológico fue SAMRco, debiendo adecuar los tratamientos a este microorganismo.

Skin and soft tissue infections (SSIs) in children are one of the main causes of antimicrobial prescription. The aim of the study was to describe the clinical and microbiological characteristics of outpatient SSIs in children attended in two hospitals. A prospective study was conducted between 11/1/2017 and 11/1/2018. Patients between 1 month and 15 years old, hospitalized were included. We evaluated: age, sex, locality, predisposing factors, type of IPPB, biological samples taken, microbiological isolation, empirical treatment indicated and evolution of the condition. An antibiogram and genetic determination were performed. Chi2, CI95, OR; α=5% were calculated. N= 94. 58.7% male. 12 patients <1 year, 85 >1 year (mean age 4 years, 1-15). 36% were from Tandil and 63.8% from Florencio Varela. 59.6% corresponded to purulent SSIs. The diagnostic yield was 59.6%. Main isolates: MRSA (40.4%), MSSA (7.4%), S. agalactiae (2.1%) and S. pyogenes (2.1%). 100% of MRSA carried the mecA gene and SCCmec type IV, with no multidrug resistance. There was no statistical difference between the risk factors evaluated. 52.1% of children received combined antibiotic treatment, the most indicated being TMS-SMX + CLI in 36 events. (38,3%). Evolution was favorable: there was no significant difference between the subgroup that isolated MRSA and the subgroup that did not isolate MRSA; 91.9% (34/37) and 92.6% (50/54) respectively (chi2: 0.01; p= 0.97 CI95: 0.26-3.88). The main etiological agent was MRSA, and treatments should be adapted to this microorganism

Enfrentamiento de las infecciones de piel en el adulto / Managing adult skin infections

En la actualidad, las infecciones de piel y partes blandas forman parte de un alto porcentaje de las consultas en salud. Estas van desde infecciones leves, donde el manejo se realiza con tratamiento tópico, hasta aquellas con severo compromiso sistémico, requiriendo terapia antibiótica sistémica e incluso el desbridaje quirúrgico. En general, son producto de un desbalance entre los mecanismos de defensa de la barrera cutánea y los factores de virulencia y patogenicidad de los microorganismos que la afectan. Se pueden clasificar según distintos criterios, como por ejemplo, profundidad, gravedad, microorganismos involucrados y si estas son purulentas o no. El reconocer estas entidades clínicas es de suma importancia para llevar a cabo un adecuado tratamiento en los pacientes que presentan estas afecciones, ya que los diagnósticos erróneos llevan a las múltiples consultas con el consiguiente aumento de costos asociados en atención en salud.

Currently, skin and soft tissue infections are part of a high percentage of health consultations. These range from mild infections, where management is performed with topical treatment, to those with severe systemic compromise requiring systemic antibiotic therapy and even surgical debridement. In general, they are the product of an imbalance between the defense mechanisms of the skin barrier and the virulence and pathogenicity factors of the microorganisms that affect it, which can vary from bacterial, viral, fungal and parasites agents. Skin and soft tissue infections can be classified according to different criteria, such as depth, severity, microorganisms involved and whether they are purulent or not. Recognizing these clinical entities is of utmost importance to carry out adequate treatment in patients with these conditions, since erroneous diagnoses lead to multiple consultations with the consequent increase in costs associated with health care

Morbilidad por infecciones de partes blandas superficiales en el servicio de clínicas pediátricas de Manzanillo, Granma 2018 / Morbidity caused by soft tissue infections in the services of pediatric clinic in Manzanillo, Granma, 2018

RESUMEN Introducción: Las infecciones de la piel y partes blandas son frecuentes en los niños, con un amplio espectro de gravedad. Objetivo: Describir las características clínico-epidemiológicas de los pacientes con infecciones de partes blandas superficiales hospitalizados en el servicio de clínicas pediátricas del Hospital Pediátrico Docente "Hermanos Cordové". Método: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal en el servicio de clínicas pediátricas del Hospital Pediátrico Docente "Hermanos Cordové", de Manzanillo durante el 2018.Se estudiaron todos los pacientes egresados (n=298) con el diagnóstico confirmado de este tipo de infecciones. Se tomaron en cuenta las siguientes variables: localización anatómica, clasificación del tipo deinfección de piel y tejidos blandos, terapéutica utilizada y estadía hospitalaria. Resultados: Predominó el sexo masculino (57,7 %) y el grupo de edad de 10-14 años (34,9 %). Las infecciones en las extremidades estuvieron presentes en 113 pacientes (37,9 %). El impétigo fue la entidad clínica más frecuente (42,3 %), la cefazolina fue el antibiótico más utilizado (77,2 %). Se observó que la mayoría de los pacientes (293) solo permaneció hasta 7 días ingresados, con una evolución satisfactoria. Conclusiones: En el servicio de clínicas pediátricas del Hospital Pediátrico Docente "Hermanos Cordové", los pacientes con IPTB se caracterizan por ser sobre todo varones, más comúnmente con edad entre 10 y 14 años, las lesiones predominaron en las extremidades y la más común fue el impétigo. La cefazolina resultó eficaz para el tratamiento estas infecciones, lo que hizo posible que la estadía hospitalaria generalmente no excediera de siete días.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Infections in the skin and soft tissues are common health concerns in children, with a wide range of severity from patient to patient. Objective: To describe the clinical-epidemiological characteristics of the patients with soft tissue infections hospitalized in the Pediatric Teaching Hospital "Hermanos Cordové". Method: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out in the services of pediatric clinic in the Pediatric Teaching Hospital "Hermanos Cordové", in Manzanillo, Cuba, during the year 2018. All discharged patients who had a confirmed diagnosis of this type of infection were studied (n=298). The following variables were taken into account: anatomical location, classifications of the different types of skin and soft tissue infections, treatment used and hospitalization. Results: Male gender prevailed in the patients (57.7 %), and also the ages ranging between 10 to 14 years old (34.9 %). Infections located on the limbs were described in 113 patients (37.9 %). Impetigo was the most common diagnosis (42.3 %), and the most frequently used antibiotic was cefazolin (77.2 %). Most of the patients were hospitalized up to 7 days (293), with a satisfactory evolution of the disease. Conclusions: Patients with soft tissue infections in the services of pediatric clinic in the Pediatric Teaching Hospital "Hermanos Cordové" are mainly characterized for being male, especially from ages raging between 10 to 14 years old, with impetigo being the most common infection, mostly located on the limbs. Cefalozin resulted very effective for the treatment of these infections, making possible the hospitalization time to be lesser than a week.

Cutaneous protothecosis - case report / Prototecose cutanea - relato de caso

Cutaneous protothecosis is a rare infection caused by achlorophyllic algae of the genus Prototheca. The lesions usually occur on exposed areas, related with trauma, in immunocompromised patients. The most common clinical presentation is a vesicobullous and ulcerative lesion with pustules and scabs, simulating bacterial, fungal or herpetic infections or eczema. The diagnosis is determined by agent identification through histopathology, culture and the carbohydrates assimilation test. The finding of morula-like spherules is characteristic of Prototheca sp. Its rarity and non-specific clinical aspect may difficult the disease diagnosis. We report a case of a diabetic patient, in chronic use of systemic corticosteroids, that developed a skin lesion after trauma to the right leg.

A prototecose cutânea é uma infecção rara causada por algas aclorofílicas do gênero Prototheca. Geralmente as lesões ocorrem em áreas expostas, relacionadas à trauma, em indivíduos imunocomprometidos. A apresentação clínica mais comum é uma lesão vesico-bolhosa e ulcerativa com pústulas e crostas, simulando piodermites, infecções fúngicas, infecções herpéticas ou eczemas. O diagnóstico é realizado pela identificação do agente através do exame histopatológico, da cultura e do teste de assimilação dos carboidratos. O achado de esférulas com aspecto de mórula são características da Prototheca sp. A raridade da doença e o aspecto clínico inespecífico dificultam o diagnóstico da doença. Relatamos um caso em paciente diabética, em uso crônico de corticoide sistêmico, que desenvolveu lesão cutânea após trauma na perna direita.

[Pharmacological studies in phytotherapy of acne and infectious skin diseases: a systematic review]

The use of medicinal plants for the treatment of acne and other infectious skin diseases is very common. Here, pharmacological studies on the medicinal plants which may be effective in the treatment of acne and infective skin diseases published in the databases PubMed and Scopus from the beginning of the year 1980 to the end of April of the year 2013 have been searched and discussed. Keywords including medicinal plants, herbs, botanicals, phytomedicine, phytotherapy, herbal therapy and herbal medicine with dermatology, skin, acne vulgaris, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal and antimicrobial were entered in the databases. Totally 56 articles concerning clinical and nonclinical studies were found. Afterward, the quality of each study was determined. Examples of such plants include Vitex agnus-castus, Ocimum gratissimum, Aloe vera, Solanum dulcamara, Commiphora mukul, Mahonia aquifolillm, Melaleuca alternifolia, species of the genus Eucalyptus, Camellia sinensis and Allium sativum. Medicinal plants can have an important role in the treatment of acne and other infectious skin diseases. However, scant studies have been conducted in this field so far and more studies especially on the efficacy and safety of the plants' clinical use in humans are needed

Leishmaniosis ¿cuándo hospitalizar? / Leishmaniosis ¿When to Hospitalize?

La leishmaniosis es una enfermedad infecciosa parasitaria, endémica, de distribución mundial, que en Venezuela se presenta como leishmaniosis tegumentaria americana (cutánea localizada, cutáneomucosa y cutáneo difusa) además de la forma visceral (kala azar). La variedad cutánea localizada representa el 90 por ciento de los casos atendidos en la consulta de Endemias Rurales del Instituto de Medicina Tropical y en los Servicios de Pediatría Médica y Enfermedades Infecciosas del Adulto del Hospital Universitario de Caracas, y la mayoría son tratados ambulatoriamente con antimoniato de meglumina. En algunas situaciones clínicas es necesaria la hospitalización. Se describen ocho casos hospitalizados: 1) niña de dos años con leishmaniosis cutánea que había recibido inmunoterapia para la parasitosis; 2) paciente de 59 años con leishmaniosis de la mucosa nasal; 3) paciente de 64 años con úlcera de los chicleros en el pabellón auricular; 4) paciente de 36 años con falla terapéutica a la meglumina, quien había recibido inmunoterapia para leishmaniosis; 5) paciente de 59 años alcohólico, con ulceración extensa de cinco años de evolución; 6) mujer de 83 años con leishmaniosis cutánea en miembros inferiores; 7) paciente con leishmaniosis de la mucosa nasal y SIDA; 8) paciente de 37 años con kala azar. Se analizan las razones para la hospitalización y las dosis de antimoniato de meglumina empleadas para la solución terapéutica

Leishmaniasis is an endemic parasitic infectious disease of worldwide distribution. In Venezuela the main characteristics correspond to american tegumentary leishmaniasis (cutaneous localized, cutaneous-mucous, cutaneous diffuse) and visceral leishmaniasis (kala azar). The localized cutaneous variety represents 90 percent of the cases attended at the ambulatory medical clinic for rural endemic diseases at the Tropical Medicine Institute, Pediatric and Adult services for Infectious Diseases at the Universitary Hospital of Caracas, and these patients are treated with pentavalent antimonials. In some clinical conditions hospitalization is required. We describe eight cases of patients treated under hospitalization. Case 1) a two year old girl with cutaneous leishmaniasis who had received immunotherapy for this parasitic disease; case 2) fifty nine year old female with nasal leishmaniasis; case 3) sixty four year old male with a rubber tapper’s ulcer in the ear; case 4) thirty six year old male with treatment failure to pentavalent antimonials having received immunotherapy for leishmaniasis; case 5) fifty nine year old male alcoholic patient, with extended ulcer of five years evolution; case 6) eighty three year old female with cutaneous leishmanisis in the legs; case 7) thirty three year old male with leishmaniasis of the nasal mucosa and AIDS; case 8) thirty seven year old male with kala azar. We discuss the reasons for hospitalization and the dosage of pentavalent antimonials administered

Utilidad del cefadroxilo en leishmaniosis tegumentaria americana con infecciones piógenas sobreagregadas / Use of cefadroxil for american tegumentary leishmaniosis with intercurrent pyogenic infections

La leishmaniosis tegumentaria americana es un problema de salud en el medio rural venezolano. Las úlceras leishmánicas tienden a infectarse secundariamente por bacterias piógenas. Se evaluaron 41 pacientes con la enfermedad que recibieron cefadroxilo oral previo a la toma de segmentos de piel del borde de las úlceras para la demostración microscópica de Leishmania spp. La mayoría de los pacientes eran adultos masculinos y provenían del medio rural del estado Miranda, con una úlcera única localizada en los miembros inferiores. El diagnóstico inmunoserológico se efectuó por leishmanina y anticuerpos fluorescentes y el de certeza por visualización de amastigotes en frotis coloreados. Los resultados inmunoserológicos fueron positivos en todos los pacientes, mientras que el parásito se observó en 51 por ciento de los frotis coloreados con Giemsa. Una semana postratamiento antimicrobiano, los pacientes presentaban mejoría de las infecciones sobreagregadas y también progreso en la visualización del parásito por disminución de la carga bacteriana. Los pacientes fueron tratados con antimoniato de meglumina intramuscular en series de 10 días, con reposo intermedio. Respondieron adecuadamente, las lesiones cicatrizaron y los nódulos satelitales acompañantes desaparecieron. Se concluye que el cefadroxilo es útil para tratar las infecciones piógenas secundarias asociadas en LTA y aumentar la sensibilidad para observar los parásitos en piel. La leishmaniosis considerada como enfermedad emergente, motiva la búsqueda de alternativas terapéuticas adecuadas

Cutaneous leishmaniosis of the New World (CLNW) is a health problem in rural areas of Venezuela. Patients with muco-cutaneous ulcers tend to present intercurrent infections of the lesions by pyogenic bacteria. After removing skin specimens from the ulcer borders for microscopic demonstration of Leishmania spp amastigotes, forty-one patients with the disease, being treated with cefadroxil per os were studied. Most of the patients came from rural Miranda state, were male adults and had one ulcer on a lower limb. Confirmatory diagnosis was made using the Montenegro test, or Leishmanin immunoserology (IFAT) and demonstration of the presence of parasites in the skin samples. All the patients were positive for the Leishmanin test, while parasites were observed in 51 percent of the skin smears colored by the Giemsa procedure. After a week of treatment with cefadroxil, bacterial infections were reduced and a decrease in bacterial load was also noted when visualizing the parasite from the skin smears. Patients were treated with intramuscular antimony meglumine for 10-day periods with an intervening rest period. All patients responded adequately to the meglumine antileishmania treatment; the lesions healed and accompanying tributary lymph nodes disappeared. Conclusion: Cefadroxil is a suitable antibiotic for treating intercurrent pyogenic infections in cases of tegumentary leishmaniosis. Since leishmaniosis is considered an emerging disease, a search for appropriate, alternative therapies is required

Prototecose cutânea: relato de caso / Cutaneous protothecosis: case report

Descreve-se um caso de prototecose cutânea em paciente de 78 anos, submetido a tratamento para pênfigo foliáceo e feohifomicose. Ele apresentava lesões eritematosas infiltradas na perna direita e o diagnóstico foi feito através de estudo histológico e através de cultura da pele lesada. A cura foi obtida com o uso oral de itraconazol.

A case of cutaneous protothecosis was reported in a 78-year-old man that was in treatment for pemphigus foliaceus and phaeohyphomycosis. He presented erythematous lesions which were infiltrated into his right leg. The diagnosis was made histopathologically and confirmed by culture, and the patient was successfully treated with itraconazole.

Management of urinary tract infections, decubitus ulcer and pneumonia in the aging person

Infections in the older person are common and a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Infections of the urinary tract, skin and soft tissue infections including decubitus ulcers, antibiotics associated diarrhea and lower respiratory tract infections are particularly important in the elderly because of their frequency. While most initial antibiotic therapy is empiric, its important before treatment to try to document the etiology for better use of antibiotics. Infections of the urinary tract are frequently and potentially serious in the elderly, they must be separated from asymptomatic bacteriuria that requires no therapy. Upper and lower urinary tract infections are frequently caused by aerobic gram negative bacilli and or enterococci. Most authors prefer the use of fluoroquinolones to manage such infections. The elderly with decubitus ulcer presents a problem in management, since these are frequent polymicrobic infections in which anaerobes play an important role. The initial therapy usually involves the combination of a fluoroquinolone plus an antianaerobic agent like clindamycin. C. difficile diarrhea as frequent in nursing home residents as well as the older person with prior antibiotics. The treatment should be with metronidazole and avoid the use of vancomycin. Pneumonias in the elderly can be acquired in the community, the nursing home or during a hospitalization. The etiologic agents that predominate change from S. pneumoniae and atypicals in those from the community to an increase in gram negative pneumonia. The initial treatment as started by most authors as well as guidelines include the use of a new fluoroquinolone like gatifloxacin alone or in combination with a beta-lactamic agent like ceftriaxone. For those infections acquired in the hospital therapy with third or fourth generation cephalosporins, carbapenems, beta-lactams with betalactamase inhibitors alone or in combination with an aminoglucoside and or vancomycin if MRSA is suspected is accepted therapy

Cefprozil: a review.

Cefprozil is a novel third generation, broad-spectrum oral cephalosporin with activity against a spectrum of aerobic gram-negative and positive bacteria, as well as certain anaerobes. The beta-lactamase stability of cefprozil may exceed that of other oral cephalosporins for some important pathogens. Cefprozil may be a suitable alternative to several other commonly used beta-lactams and cephalosporins in the treatment of mild to moderate upper and lower respiratory tract infections including sinusitis, otitis media, pharyngitis/tonsillitis, secondary bacterial infection of acute bronchitis, and acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, and skin and skin structure infections in children. Available data indicate the safety of cefprozil in both pediatric and adult population.

Transitional [intravenous to oral] antibiotic therapy

Most clinicians feel the best clinical outcome occurs when patients are treated for serious infections with injections for the entire illness. Unfortunately, this type of prescribing style results in considerable indirect costs such as those involved in increased labor [nursing, pharmacy, intravenous technician time], supplies [needles, syringes, intravenous solutions, administration sets, infusion pumps] and nosocomial bacteremia.It now appears from pharmacodynamic and pharmacoeconomic information that this traditional prescribing behavior should change in the management of many infectious diseases, particularly in those clinically stable patients who can ingest or digest a medication. With the presence of numerous antibiotics with high bioavailability, many infections in such patients can now be successfully treated with an oral agent. This review provides examples of common infections [such as community- and hospital-acquired pneumonias, intra-abdominal infections, urinary tract infections, and skin, soft tissue, and bone infections] in which oral therapy can replace parenteral agents

Uso razonado de los antibioticos / Rational use of antibiotics

En los últimos años ha aumentado enormemente el arsenal terapéutico, por lo que el número de antibióticos disponible es cada vez mayor. Si bien esto resulta beneficioso para el enfermo, el médico puede tener dificultades en el momento de realizar la selección del agente a administrar. Para que el antibiótico prescrito sea el más adecuado para cada situación es necesario que éste tenga en cuenta los datos relacionados con el trípode constituido por: paciente, enfermedad y droga. Con la finalidad de lograr que los antibióticos se apliquen siguiendo directivas lógicas se consideró la necesidad de elaborar bases de "uso razonado de antibióticos", buscando mejorar la relación eficacia-comodidad-beneficio, con el mínimo de toxicidad-desarrollo de resistencias-costo. Para decidir la administración de antibióticos primero hay que contar con la convicción de que se está frente a una patología infecciosa bacteriana que tiene indicación de antibióticos. Siempre hay que tener presente que no toda fiebre es de causa infecciosa, ni que toda infección requiere de antibióticos para curar. Si bien un tratamiento empírico suele iniciarse antes de tener la confirmación etiológica de la enfermedad infecciosa, es esencial que antes de emprenderlo se recojan las muestras necesarias que conduzcan a un diagnóstico etiológico. Ello permite adaptar el tratamiento una vez conocido el agente causal, su sensibilidad y la evolución clínica del caso. Los planes antibióticos se deben seleccionar en forma individualizada para cada enfermo, considerando parámetros relacionados con: la condición del paciente y sus características, la enfermedad y su localización, el agente causal (o los agentes sospechados), la sensibilidad de los mismos a los antibióticos o su patrón en cada medio, las características de la droga en cuanto a espectro, farmacodinamia, farmacocinética, efectos tóxicos e intolerancias. Aunque varios planes terapéuticos pueden ser eficaces para una misma enfermedad infecciosa, se aconseja el que resulte más eficaz para ese caso, retarde la aparición de cepas resistentes que limite el uso posterior de la droga, sea de aplicación más cómoda, provoque menos efectos tóxicos e intolerancias y sea de menos costo económico

open non-comparative study of the efficiency and safety of oral azithromycin in paediatric infections

This randomized study on the clinical efficacy. safety and tolerability of single daily dose of azithromycin in paediatric respiratory and skin and soft tissue infections was carried out in paediatric "A" unit. Postgraduate Medical Institute/Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar. Patients from either sex with age range of 6 month to 9 years were included in the study. A total of 40 patients with mild to moderate respiratory infections and/or skin and soft tissue infections were enrolled but 6 of them were lost to long term follow up and were excluded from study analysis. The clinical diagnosis at the time of enrollment were acute pharyngitis in 2 patients [5.88%], pneumonia in 17 patients [50.0%], asthmatic bronchitis in 12 patients [35.31%], and skin infection in 3 patients [8.82%]. After initial assessment, azithromycin was given to the patients at a dose of 10mg/kg/day once daily for 3 consecutive days. Follow up visits were conducted at days 4-5 and 10-12 of the study. A1 the end of the study. the clinical success rate [cure or improvement] was 94.12% i.e. 32 out of 34 patients, while only two paticles [5.88%] showed relapse of symptoms after initial improvement. Bacteriological eradication was noted in 90.90% of the patients with positive cultures at the baseline. Tolerability and compliance was excellent. A total of 8 side effects [diarrhea and skin rash] were reported by 7 patients However, all of these were mild and none of the patients were withdrawn from the study because of side effects. It was concluded that azithromycin is an effective and safe alternative to erythromycin and other standard therapeutic regimens in treatment of community acquired respiratory and skin and soft tissue infections, especially when the etiologic agent is not known

Angiomatosis bacilar / Bacillary angiomatosis

La Angiomatosis Bacilar (AB) es una rara enfermedad infecciosa que afecta piel y vísceras de pacientes con el virus de inmunodeficiencia adquirida y otros inmunodeprimidos. Se caracteriza por presentar lesiones cutáneas vasculares asintomáticas que pueden diseminarse sistémicamente. El agente causal de la angiomatosis bacilar está estrechamente relacionada con la Rocha-limaea henselae

Estudio clínico comparativo de mupirocine tópico y cloxacilina oral en el tratamiento de infecciones cutáneas / Comparative clinique study of topical mupirocine and oral cloxacillin in the treatment of skin infections

Comparamos en un estudio randomizado la efectividad en el tratamiento de enfermedades cutáneas superficiales con mupirocine tópico y cloxacilina oral. Los resultados demostraron un a mejor respuesta con mupirocine, con 85,7 por ciento de eliminación bacteriana a la semana post-tratamiento versus un 54,5 por ciento con cloxacilina. No se reportaron efectos sistémicos colaterales con mupirocine excepto prurito y sensación de ardor

Estudio abierto realizado en 75 pacientes tratados con ácido fusídico, fusidato de sodio en infecciones de la piel / Open study of the 75 patients treated with fusidic acid, sodium fusidate for skin infections

El ácido fusídico es un antibiótico perteneciente a los antibióticos triterpenoides naturales. Su mecanismo de acción consiste en inhibir la síntesis proteica más específicamente la traslocación a nivel ribosomal. Se caracteriza por penetrar profundamente a través de la piel, incluso intacta, de igual modo que los esteroides. Posee un amplio espectro siendo activo contra gérmenes G positivo y G negativo. Se realizó un estudio abierto sobre una muestra randomizada de pacientes, 35 hombres y 40 mujeres con piodermitis (impétigo aprox. 30%, úlceras varicosas aprox. 15%, quistes sebáceos infectados 9%, forúnculos 7%, perionixis bacteriana, mal perforante plantar infectado, panadizo, úlcera arterial infectada, psoriasis infectada, úlcera traumática infectada) en su mayoría de carácter moderado (aprox. 60%). Las cepas halladas fueron: estafilococo dorado, estafilococo dorado coagulasa positivo, estafilococo dorado coagulasa negativo, estafilococo epidermidis, proteus mirabilis. Se observó un 47,1% de casos curados con ácido fusídico y 68,3% con fusidato de sodio, un 41,2% de mejoría con ácido fusídico y un 29,3% en fusidato de sodio. La duración promedio del tratamiento fue de 4 días. La tolerancia fue buena en un 95% de los casos. El ungüento fue preferido en las lesiones cerradas y secas y la crema lo fue para las húmedas y abiertas